Engine Piston

Product Details:

Material Aluminum
Application Automotive
Size STD
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Price And Quantity

Minimum Order Quantity 300 Piece

Product Specifications

Material Aluminum
Size STD
Application Automotive

Trade Information

Payment Terms Letter of Credit (L/C), Telegraphic Transfer (T/T), Cash in Advance (CID)
Supply Ability 100000 Piece Per Year
Delivery Time 60 Days
Sample Available Yes
Sample Policy Free samples available with shipping and taxes paid by the buyer
Main Export Market(s) Central America, Australia, Middle East, Asia

Product Description

Withstanding the Pressure, Surpassing the Standard

As emission norms get stricter, engines lighter and more efficient, and customers more demanding, pistons have to work reliably under combustion temperatures reaching from 1000 to 2500, and ignition pressures of up to 250 bar. Additionally, OEMs are offering million-mile warranties to end users.To keep up with these demands, a variety of new materials and treatments are being developed by OEM vendors.

Garima Global works with such leading vendors of pistons in India to manufacture cutting edge pistons for the aftermarket industry. Our customers also trust us to source pistons and piston rings, and assemble them with our cylinder liners to make liner-piston kit sets. Garima Global supplies these AutoGRACE brand pistons to discerning customers worldwide.

Pistons serve three important functions in an IC engine:

POWER TRANSFER Harness the power generated by combustion of air-fuel mix to the crankshaft through the connecting rod
SEALING Prevent combustion gases from entering crankcase and lubricating oil from entering combustion chamber, and
HEAT DISSIPATION Transfer heat away from the combustion chamber and into the cooling media.

Size Range of Piston in AutoGRACE Brand

SPECIFICATION	FROM	TO
Diameter mm	40.0	300.0
Height mm	0.5	5.0

DESIGN

The crown and the body of the piston may incorporate various design elements to serve a wide variety of purposes.

STEEL STRUTS

Since monometal pistons usually exhibit high thermal expansion, steel or ceramic struts are cast into the piston boss area especially when used in cast iron engine blocks. This restricts the expansion of the piston thus enabling smaller piston block clearance.

NI-RESIST ALFIN RING CARRIERS

Diesel engines operate at higher temperatures and pressures than gasoline engines, which causes excessive loads on the piston crown. To re inforce the top one or two ring grooves, Ni resist or ALFIN ring carriers are cast into the piston. These ring carriers made from high strength, austenitic cast iron increase the wear resistance and fatigue resistance of the grooves at elevated temperatures. Dual Ni Resist, or ring carriers with two ring grooves are also used in particularly heavy duty engines.

COOLING GALLERY

In turbo-charged super-charged inter-cooled after-cooled engines, thermal loads tend to be even higher. To counter these, a cooling gallery may be cast into the crown of the piston using a salt core. Lubricating oil is sprayed into this gallery from the crankcase which reduces the temperature of the bowl rim, top land and ring grooves, thus guaranteeing longer life.

PISTON PIN BUSHING

Pistons used in engines that operate under especially high loads require a bushing, similar to a con rod small end bushing, to be installed on the piston pin bore. This bushing serves to improve lubrication between pin and piston.

PISTON CROWN DESIGN

There are literally thousands of piston crown designs:

VALVE RELIEF POCKETS

Allow the piston to approach extremely close to the cylinder head without hitting the valves thus maximizing compression ratio.

COMBUSTION BOWLS

Are especially prevalent in diesel pistons since these engines do not have the ignition phase. Cavities of various sizes and shapes are cast machined into the piston crown inside which combustion occurs. The geometry of the bowl is designed to maximise combustion thus producing higher power.

SPECIAL CONTOURS

To swirl and squish or direct the fuel-air mixture are cast machined into the piston head. They increase the turbulence of air fuel mix as the piston approaches TDC which causes better mixing and more complete combustion, again maximizing power output.AutoGRACE pistons have been developed with the exact head geometry as per OEM specifications, thus ensuring your engine gives the same power output and efficiency as a brand new engine

MATERIAL

ALUMINIUM

Vast majority of the applications utilize aluminium pistons due to their light weight, good thermal conductivity and structural rigidity. Since pistons reciprocate within the cylinder liner 800 to 8000 times per minute their light weight lowers inertia, decreases load on the connecting rod, and increases engine efficiency and safety. Also the high thermal conductivity of aluminium helps dissipate the heat generated from combustion into the block. Good machinability and simple casting techniques are an added advantage of this material from the production standpoint.

MONOMETAL PISTONS

These constitute the simplest design, material used is high temperature resistant aluminium alloy cast using gravity die casting process. They are competitively priced, can be manufactured in smaller production lots and offer adequate performance for lower performance engines.

These basic pistons are enhanced with certain elements to reduce their thermal expansion and improve rigidity, strength, wear resistance etc. as summarized below.

EUTECTIC ALLOYS

Most commonly used alloy with 12 Si 1 approximately of Cu, Ni and Mg. Provides a balanced combination of strength and high-temperature resistance.

SPECIAL EUTECTIC ALLOYS

Developed for higher strength at elevated temperatures with higher percentages of Cu and Ni. Used in especially heavy duty engines.

HYPEREUTECTIC ALLOYS

With Si ranging from 18 to 24, these alloys offer lower thermal expansion and high wear resistance, but at the cost of lower strength. They are used in lighter, high-speed engines like light-duty automotive applications.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

ELEMENT	LM2 A383 ADC 12 AlSi10Cu2Fe	LM6 A413 AC 3A AlSi12Fe	LM9 A360 AC 4A ALSi10Mg	LM13 A336 AC 8A AlSi12CuFe	LM24 A380 ADC 10 AlSi8Cu3Fe
Silicon	9.00-11.50	10.00-13.00	10.00-13.00	10.50-13.00	7.50-9.50
Copper	0.70-2.50	0.10	0.20	0.70-1.50	3.00-4.00
Magnesium	0.30	0.10	0.20-0.60	0.80-1.50	0.30
Zinc	2.00	0.10	0.50	0.50	3.00
Iron	1.30	0.60	1.00	1.00	0.60
Manganese	0.50	0.30-0.70	0.50	0.50	0.50
Iron	1.00	0.60	0.60	1.00	1.30
Manganese	0.50	0.50	0.30-0.70	0.50	0.50
Nickel	0.50	0.10	0.10	1.50	0.50
Tin	0.20	0.05	0.05	0.10	0.20

ARTICULATED PISTONS

Certain heavy duty engines utilize the articulated or two piece piston having a forged steel crown assembled with a light weight aluminium skirt using the piston pin as the connecting element. The lower coefficient of thermal expansion of steel enables closer gap between piston and liner thus improving its sealing capability, while its strength allows greater ignition loads to be transferred to the crankshaft without warpage. The light aluminium skirt fulfils the guiding function while lowering the inertial losses in the engine. AutoGRACE brand articulated pistons will stand up to the toughest operating environments to give you complete peace of mind.

CAST IRON

Though virtually all IC engine manufacturers have replaced cast iron pistons with aluminium ones, some air-brake compressor OEMs still favour CI pistons as they are much more economical and adequately serve the lower temperature regime of air-compressors. Since CI has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion, these pistons can be manufactured with a much closer gap between piston and liner, improving sealing, which is a vital factor in any compressor application. Also, block life is increased substantially by using a CI piston as compared to aluminium pistons. Garima Global manufactures premium quality cast iron pistons for all compressor applications.

COATINGS

Other than material, AutoGRACE brand pistons come with a variety of coatings and surface treatments to reduce frictional losses and enhance engine life. Coatings also address the traditional problem observed in aluminium pistons where the harder cast iron particles from the block or liner get embedded into the softer aluminium skirt and subsequently cause abnormal wear of liner or block. Some of these include:

TIN COATING

Coating the outer surface of the piston with tin electrolytically improves its initial run-in performance.

MOLY COATING

Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) is screen printed on to the piston skirt, increasing the skirt hardness and enhancing life of the cylinder liner.

PHOSPHATING

Intermediate coating to enhance the adhesion of graphite coating onto the base aluminium metal.

GRAPHITE COATING / GRAPHITIZING

Enhances lubrication and aids in cold start, thus reducing scuffing of piston skirt.

MANUFACTURING

AutoGRACE pistons are manufactured by OEM and OES factories across India that adhere to the higher quality specifications. Additionally they are tested by Garima Global at our in-house lab before dispatch to our discerning customers globally.

Aluminium pistons, which form the bulk of our business, start their journey in world-class foundries that produce castings of appropriate material composition, physical properties and microstructure.

These blanks are then machined on latest and automated machining lines. Camless CNC Oval Turning Centers are used to generate an accurate symmetrical as well as asymmetrical profiles as well as accurate combustion bowl shape and position.

Finally any of the below listed surface treatments are available to further enhance the functional characteristics, storage life, protect against corrosion and achieve superior running-in performance of the pistons.

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